Floating island is a natural or artificial structure that floats on the surface of the water.

Eutrophication is the accumulation of nutrients and minerals in an ecosystem through human influence. This process leads to the formation of algae and odours and to the destruction of the habitats of many animals living on and in the water. In particular, nitrogen and phosphate, inputs from agricultural fields, and oils and plastic particles from roads enter water bodies and lead to eutrophication. Floating islands are floating bodies planted with water plants.

The porous growth medium used allows the roots to grow into the water. The aim is to absorb nitrogen and phosphorus as well as organic materials in the root zone below the water surface. Floating islands contribute to the health of the ecosystem by limiting algae growth through competition for light and nutrients, providing food and refuge for fish and serving as nesting sites for birds (Li et al., 2007).